From this article you will learn all about the arthrosis of the common knee: what the reasons arise, which are events in different phases.How to treat, how to prevent disease.
Arthrosis of common knees (gonartrosis) is a degenerative pathology of the compound, in which the destruction of cartilage, muscle damage and the bone deformation appears.
The disease occurs mainly after 40 years (12-16% of people at this age are ill).Women get sick 2 times more often than men.Diseases are subject to athletes and people who deal with difficult physical work.
Gonartrosis develops gradually and is accompanied by the appearance of pain in the common:
- Shared mobility decreases;
- Grows bones and cartilage, which interfere with the normal functioning of the compound.
Time leads this to the full real estate of the wrist.Without treatment, disease leads to disability.
Conservative therapy The arthrosis of the knee joint is only possible in the initial stages of the process development (1 and 2), allows you to slow down, suspend the development of pathology.
With the promotion of the disease, treatment is only surgical.Completely (100%) to release pathologies can only with endoprosthetics - replacement of knee joint.
Traumatologist-orthopedist and other doctors are dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of knee joint arthritis.According to the testimony, he was assigned a consultation of rheumatologists.Symptoms of the disease can also recognize a sports doctor.
Causes of disease and species
Depending on the disease causing factor, 2 varieties of the knee arthrosis are different:
Primary (idiopathic)
This type of arthrosis affects the middle and the elderly.The initial phases are diagnosed after 40 years, and at the age of 70, gonartrosis is revealed in 60% of people.2 joints are often affected.
The primary arthrosis arises due to changes that occur in the body with age, deterioration in blood circulation and deceleration of metabolism.The risk of development increases with obesity and sitting lifestyle.
Secondary form
Secondary - can occur in the person of any age and at the same time guess both two joints and 1.
The reasons are:
- Strong load on your feet.
- League injuries, knee meniscus, intra -Articular fractures.
- Diseases in which metabolic processes (disorders of paratyroid glands, diabetes, hemochromatoses, Wilson's diseases, gout, mucopolisahahadosis and other diseases) are disturbed.
- Controom tissue diseases.
- Inflammatory pathology (contagious and non-infectious synovitis and arthritis), hemophilia (rare hereditary disease associated with damaged blood coagulations).
Then we will be analyzed in more detail what is - an arthrosis of a common knee, a diploma, which changes start in the tissues during pathology.
Symptoms and three phases of the disease
With the development of the disease, cartilage begins to become thinner due to strong burdens or lack of nutrients in it.This causes friction bones to the knee joint.
Erosion on the bone tissue is formed as a protective reaction of the body - creating growth on it begins.All these factors lead to the deformation of the common knee and its limited mobility.
Symptoms of joint knee arthrosis in 3 stages:
| Phase | Clinical signs | The processes that occur in the wrist |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Can flow asymptomatic History in the knees in the morning, during squats, when walking stairs, after long cargo and hypothermia, it is possible Stiffness appears in the morning in the knees Sonyitit can be developed - accumulation in the liquid compound, which must be removed using breakthrough (cavity puncture with liquid and its fence) |
The surface of the cartilage becomes rough and dry There are cracks and ulceration forms on it |
| 2 |
Pain occurs even as a result of a mild load and becomes more pronounced with active walking The leg does not bend completely, joints periodic crumbs Knee visually expanding The risk of sinovitis is still increasing |
In response to increased loads on the compound, it seems to be flat Starting osteophytes - bone growth Sinovian fluid becomes thicker and less nutritious Destructive processes in cartilage are accelerated |
| 3 |
Pain takes over chronic nature and follows the patient even at rest And completely bending and complete knee extension are impossible The strength of the wrist increases Walking is difficult, many people start using crutches or reeds VALGUS leg deformity (foot setting x x) or the variation deformation (O-shaped leg adjustment) may occur |
There is almost no cartilage fabrics Bones are deformed and "pressed" to each other, leading to restricting mobility in the wrist |
An acute form
Acute knee joint arthrosis is the time when the disease goes faster and bright manifested clinically.
They can lead to worsening:
- Too strong load on the compound;
- hypothermia;
- non-compliance with the prescribed diet;
- Injury.
Sometimes gonarthrosis begins acutely, as if bypassing the first phase.This is possible due to knee injury.
Diagnostics
If you notice the limit in the joint in the morning or after prolonged sitting, as it hurts when you descend the stairs or squat - this can be a sign of 1 phase of gonartrosis.
To make a correct diagnosis, scroll to a meeting with a therapist that will direct you to an orthopedic or other doctor.
Before treating osteoarthritis or gonartrosis, the doctor will conduct an initial inspection and a sense of common, and will also point to:
- radiography - will help assess the condition of the wrist;
- Ultrasound - will allow us to establish whether the simultaneous inflammatory process is present.
Methods of treatment
With the arthrose of the knee, its symptoms and treatment are interconnected, because many therapeutic measures are focused precisely in removing the disturbing characteristics and improving the quality of human life.
Reception of drugs, diet exercises and physiotherapy:
- Slow down further rational processes in the cartilage;
- prevent the disease transition on a neglected phase.
It is impossible to completely cure the disease, but you can suspend, slow down the development of pathology.
Diet
The purpose of observing a diet is to slow down the further advancement of the disease.
What you need to add in me and what to turn off:
| Useful products | Forbidden products |
|---|---|
| Rabbit, Turkey, Chicken, Dairy, Eggs (not more than 3 pieces per day and preferably without egg yolk) - Serve as protein sources |
Oily meat, sausages, sausages - lead to increasing body weight, which creates an additional load on the compound, and also prevents normal formation of sinny liquid |
| Fish, especially red varieties, are rich in omega-3 |
Flour, sweet, mayonnaise, fast food - products that contribute to the expensive excess of a pound |
| Want, welded from bone soup, gelatin - contain hondroitin and collagen, which contribute to the formation of a new cartilage tissue |
White cabbage, tomato, Bulgarian pepper, eggplant, according to some versions, contain substances that destroy collagen and hondroitin - "construction bricks" for secureling tissues However, some studies refuse their harm arthritis |
| Rice, Mellet, buckwheat have complex carbohydrates that contribute to the formation of sinny liquid |
Yolks eggs, liver cod - Increase the risk of gout of development |
| Cottage, cheese - Sources of calcium |
Coffee - lenses from bone useful for bones and calcium compounds |
| Apples, broccoli, beans, pumpkin, flasks, cities, carrots, celery, spinach, cereals, currant, grapefruit, grenade, papaya, almonds - most useful plant products Saturated with substances that used joints |
Alcohol - violates normal diet and metabolic processes in the joints |
| Water (1.5-2 liters per day) - helps to normalize metabolism in the body and especially in the joints Juices (these fruits and vegetables that are listed above) |
Sol - can lead to worsening |
Physical training
If you have developed your knee arthrosis, medical exercises should become daily.Special exercises help to encourage blood circulation in the joint, which will prevent additional destructive processes in cartilage.Physical physical education will also increase the mobility of the affected knee and prevent pain.However, each gymnastics is contraindicated in the acute course of the disease.
Therapeutic gymnastics for knee joint dr.Evdokimenko
The purpose of this complex of therapeutic gymnastics is to force the muscles that surround the compound without loading.Gymnastics according to the method Evdokimenko shows very good results with the arthrosis of the knee joint.
Exercises:
- Lie on your stomach, straighten your legs, hands on the seams.Raise above the floor to a height of 15 cm straight leg, tighten your butt and thigh muscles.Keep this foot position 30-40 seconds.Lower it.Repeat movement with every foot 1 time.
- Raise the right leg above the floor for 15 cm, hold it for 1-3 seconds.Return to the original position (IP).Make 10-12 reps for each leg.
- Bend knee 90 degrees.Raise the bent leg at a height of 10 cm from the floor and hold it in 30-40 seconds.Make this movement every time of your foot.Then repeat the same exercise, but with a delay in every leg in 1-3 seconds.Perform 10-12 reps each of the legs.
- Lift the two straight legs above the floor by 10-15 cm.Dilute them from the side and return them back.Without lowering your legs to the floor, make movements 8 times.In this case, thigh muscles should work as much as possible.
- Lie on the side.Bend the lower leg in the knee.Leave the top, lift 45 degrees above the floor.Keep it in this way for 30-40 seconds.Execute the exercise in 1 time on each leg.
- Sit on a chair.Raise the maximum in your knee.Keep it for 30 seconds.Lift each leg 2-4 times.
- Get up.Lean for the back of the chair.Stand to socks.Lies 30-60 seconds.Back to IP.
- Stand on socks, hold in this position for 1-3 seconds.Back to IP.Repeat movement 10-12 times.
- Place right foot on the floor.Stand at the socks of left leg.Climb smoothly on the sock with your right leg and lower the left heel on the floor.They roll over like 10-12 times.
The physical education of this author is the intensity of the previous one.It is possible only in the first signs of gonartrosis.Before you start working alone, be sure to contact your doctor.
If you feel strong pain when performing a movement, stop them immediately.
Surgical methods
Since it is impossible to cure the arthrosis of knee joint with completely conservative methods, in difficult cases, doctors are resorted to work methods.
One of the most efficient - endoprotetics of the knee joint, ie replacing the surface of the common artificial.
The recovery period after endoprosthetics is 3 to 6 months.
Such surgical interventions are also made:
- Arthroplasty - plastic surgery for restoring normal joint structure;
- Corrective osteotomy - correction of valgus or fiery deformation legs, which could reach advanced forms of arthrosis.
National medications
Products for the production of home products can serve as a beautiful addition to traditional therapy.
However, before treating the arthrosis of the knee joint with the use of folk remedies, contact your doctor, because some natural ingredients can have contraindications or not combined with the drugs you prescribed.
Here are some effective recipes, the time is accurate:
- Beef hoofs and knees - contribute to the renovation of cartilage.Tell them a few hours.Drink 100 ml soups before each meal.
- Honey, apple vinegar - mitigate swelling and pain.Mix the components in the share of 3 to 1. in the evening, make compresses, sign in in 30 minutes.
- Jerusalem Artichoke - helps mitigate pain attacks.Pour 350 g crushed leaves and topmic stems 2 l boiling water.Super to room temperature.Moisten the gauze for the bandage into infusion and put on a painful date.
Prevention
Preventive measures are very simple:
- Get involved in physical education but don't overload your knees.Never run on the asphalt.Special trails or basic coating are suitable for starting.
- Avoid kneel injuries or treat them on time.For bruises and sprains, contact the traumatologist immediately and follow all its recommendations.
- Eat correctly.
- Refuse bad habits.
Forecast
Arthrosis is a disease that cannot be completely cured with conservative methods.
However, don't despair.It is ensured that adheres to all doctor's recommendations, you can avoid complications, alleviate pain and improve the amplitude of the jig movement.
Do not delay a visit to the specialist, because in later stages, the disease can lead to legs and disability deformation.Modern medicine treats them quickly.